Risk Factors and Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children At Development Country

Reqgi First Trasia

Authors

Reqgi First Trasia Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Keywords:

Faktor risiko, pencegahan, anemia, anak, kekurangan zat besi

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Di negara berkembang, penyebab anemia, yaitu infeksi parasit seperti malaria, kekurangan zat gizi, penyakit kronis, hemoglobinopati, dan keracunan timbal. Anemia pada ibu di negara dengan sumber daya yang rendah dikaitkan dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), peningkatan kematian perinatal, dan penurunan produktivitas kerja.rendah (BBLR), peningkatan kematian perinatal, dan

Motode: Penelusuran kepustakaan dilakukan melalui Pubmed dan Google scholar untuk mendapatkan artikel yang relevan.

Hasil: Mempertahankan keseimbangan zat besi yang normal dalam keadaan infeksi parasit merupakan sebuah tantangan, karena makanan kaya zat besi dengan bioavailability yang baik ialah berasal dari hewan, yang mana mahal dan/atau persediaannya terbatas. Terlepas dari jarangnya mengkonsumsi daging, ketidakcukupan asupan vitamin C dan diet kaya akan inhibitor penyerapan zat besi merupakan faktor risiko tambahan yang penting pada anemia kekurangan zat besi di negara dengan penghasilan rendah

Kesimpulan: Fortifikasi zat besi di rumah pada makanan tambahan dengan bubuk mikronutrien telah terbukti efektif mengurangi risiko kekurangan zat besi dan ADB pada bayi dan anak kecil di negara berkembang, tetapi dikaitkan dengan perubahan yang tidak menguntungkan pada bakteri saluran cerna dan induksi peradangan usus yang dapat menyebabkan diare dan peningkatan risiko rawat inap. Di negara industri, ADB lebih sering terjadi pada bayi dengan usia lebih dari enam bulan.

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